A dynamic simulation model to improve the livability of transportation systems

Transportation users often face shortcomings, such as unreliable service causing uncertainty in transit, low quality of service, and loss of time due to road and highway congestion. This study aims to improve the livability of the transportation system by considering several factors. System dynamics is used as a model development method to analyze the relationship between complex and nonlinear variables affecting the livability of the transportation system. The system structure of a valid model can be modified by adding multiple feedback loops, new parameters, and changing the feedback loop structure to see how it affects other variables. The scenario model is built from a valid model by changing the model structure to improve the livability of the transportation system through improvements in the perception, safety, security, and health level of public transport, land use accessibility, and mitigation of air pollution. These strategies are expected to increase the livability of the transportation system by 71%, driven by the improvement in perception, safety, security level, and health level of public transport, land use accessibility, and decreased air pollution.