A State-of-the-Art Review of Cyber Threat Intelligence Awareness Programs in Mitigating Bank Cyber Attacks

The importance of cyber threat intelligence (CTI) in combating the increasing threat of cyber-attacks, particularly in the context of bank ph ish ing, cannot be overstated. This study investigates the integration of CTI in bolstering cybersecurity awareness programs within the banking sector, with the aim of identifying effective strategies for safeguarding financial data. The primary objective of this study is to explore how banks develop and implement CTI-driven awareness initiatives, highlighting best practices, challenges, and opportunities. A systematic literature review (SLR) conducted using the PRISMA methodology was employed to synthesize findings from high-quality relevant literature. Thefindings of this study indicate that CTI can significantly enhance cybersecurity awareness through tactical, operational, and strategic intelligence. Specifically, tactical intelligence involves the collection of indicators of compromise (IoCs), hash values, and malware behaviour descriptions for immediate threat response. Operational intelligence focuses on real-time threat analysis to understand attack mechanisms and improve situational awareness. Strategic intelligence offers long-term security strategies and insights into emerging threats. Integrating a CTI with security information and event management (SIEM) systems enables financial institutions to rapidly identify and address malicious activities, strengthening their cybersecurity defenses to protect their consumers.