Agronomic Characteristics and Their Effects on Indonesian Inbred Rice Yields: A Correlation Study and Pathway Analysis

It is commonly known that agronomic traits and their impact on yields in Indonesian inbred rice correlate, but research has yet to be done in this area. Therefore, utilizing Indonesian inbred rice for irrigated (Inpari) and highland (Inpago) locations, a study was conducted to ascertain the link between agronomic features and their direct and indirect effects on grain yields. As research materials, six new superior inbred rice varieties (Inpari 7, Inpari 10, Inpari 11, Inpari 19, Inpago 5, and Inpago 8) as well as one well-known vintage variety, Ciherang, were used. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The evaluation's results indicate that Inpari 19 had the highest grain production, reaching a maximum of 7.20 t/ha. Inpari 7, Inpari 10, Inpago 8, Inpari 11, Inpago 5, and Ciherang, on the other hand, had grain yields of 5.50 t/ha, 5.16 t/ha, 4.90 t/ha, 4.47 t/ha, and 4.64 t/ha, respectively. The correlation study showed a significant and positive relationship between the inbred rice grain yield and the agronomic parameters (number of whole grains, weight of 1000 seeds, and panicle length). The most significant direct influence was the proportion of whole grains per panicle. Additionally, it indirectly altered the length, weight, and quantity of panicles in a clump or panicle. Furthermore, the 1000 seeds' weight and panicle length indirectly affected the number of whole grains.