Analysis of Location and Wave Characteristics on Capsizing of RoPax Opened-Car-Deck

RoPax is a ship that carries passengers, cargo, and cars simultaneously by waterway. RoPax with Opened-Car-Deck (OCD) type is the most popular and dominant population in archipelagos developing countries to operate: between islands, strait, and river banks. Nevertheless, the RoPax has the most contributions in casualties, so the ship needs serious intention to reduce the ship accident. Internal ship problems, lousy weather, and human errorsc contribute to shipping accidents. A capsizing ship occurs for single or multiple combination reasons. The paper discusses locations measured from the coastline, significant wave height, and period waves when a capsizing ship. The paper's research methodology: collecting data on some capsizing RoPax OCD with a range of 25 years in Indonesia water, searching wave characteristics on Copernicus Marine Service, analyzing wave characteristics with Ocean Data View (ODV), and making results. From the location of the case study investigating all capsizing RoPax near the coastline with a range of 0.12-24 miles, two capsizing RoPax OCD occurred on the river. This case suits the IMO study that almost various ships happen in the coastal area . The result of wave height characteristics shows that RoPax OCD capsizes in the low significant wave height of 0.2-1.75 meters, with nine cases in the low wave periods, two in the extended period, and a reasonable period not be founded. In conclusion, stability problems and small size cause the capsizing of RoPax OCD. Crews have more intention in onshore areas and do not carry overload.