Analysis of shoreline change and coastal vulnerability index: A case study of Delegan beach in Gresik

The greenhouse effect contributes to sea level rise and influences coastal conditions in Indonesia. Dalegan Beach, characterized by intense human activity and environmental sensitivity, requires an assessment of coastline changes and its vulnerability level. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is a straightforward and practical method for evaluating coastline vulnerability to sea level rise and shoreline alterations. This approach supports long-term coastal planning and management by incorporating physical and geological parameters, including coastal relief, morphology, shoreline change, tidal range, sea-level change, wave height, land subsidence, and land use. Since the CVI incorporates both vulnerability and hazard factors, such as wave height and sea level rise, it functions more as a coastal risk index than a pure vulnerability measure. Consequently, this study focuses on analyzing coastline changes at Dalegan Beach and the nearby Panceng District, followed by a coastal vulnerability assessment using the CVI method, considering multiple variables. The results show that the studied coastal area is categorized as very vulnerable, with a score of 39.5.