Analysis of Spatial Area Vegetation Design Factors on Vandalism Intentions of Visitors to Tropical City Park (Surabaya-Indonesia)

This study provides an overview of how the spatial area design of Tropical City Park (TCP) can influence the discomfort of visitors to the point of having an impact on bad behavioral intentions or vandalism. This study pays attention to how the design of the area vegetation spatial and spatial area governance at TCP Surabaya–Indonesia can influence visitors' vandalism intentions, which is an interesting topic of discussion that has not been widely discussed by previous researchers. The micro-macro control analysis method of the park spatial area was carried out with two stages of quantitative descriptive and linear regression was carried out on 515 adult TCP visitors aged >17 years who had been active in the comprehensive Tropical City Park spatial area of Surabaya, Indonesia. The results of the study showed that there was a correlation with the stimulus of individual visitor vandalism intentions with vegetation management factors, temperature, and activity control in the TCP spatial area, but there were differences in the results of group vandalism intentions where the territoriality and access control factors were less significant. This study can provide a more comprehensive picture of the spatial area governance factors of TCP affecting discomfort and disruption to visitor activities which can further stimulate various negative behavioral intentions to vandalism. In-depth studies related to the spatial area of the park can be a concern for park managers in developing better services and policies for their consumers and are also expected to be able to reduce the impact of vandalism.