Anti-inflammatory effects of functional beverage from a mixture of moringa leaves, pandanus leaves, and red ginger in mice induced with monosodium urate crystal

Production of uric acid that exceeds normal limits in the blood (hyperuricemia) can cause the formation of urate crystals and inflammatory reactions. In various studies, moringa leaves, pandanus leaves, and red ginger are known to contain phytochemical components (phenols and flavonoids) that are useful as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, inhibiting xanthine oxidase enzyme activity, overcoming rheumatism, and antidiabetic. Functional drinks from the mixture of moringa leaves, pandanus leaves, and red ginger were optimised using the response surface method (RSM) in previous studies. The effect of this functional beverage product was tested for its effect as an anti-inflammatory in vivo. The testing process of the anti-inflammatory effect was using intradermally monosodium urate (MSU)-induced mice. Mice were measured for changes in edema, and after two days of treatment, the spleen was taken for flow cytometry testing of inflammatory cytokine expression of CD11b+ TNFa+, CD11b+ IL6+, CD11b+ IL10+, and blood was taken to test the expression of cytokine CD11b+ TNFa+. The results showed functional beverage products could potentially be used as an alternative anti-inflammatory agent in gout because it significantly inhibited edema, significantly inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines CD11b+ TNFa+ and CD11b+ IL6+ and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines CD11b+ IL10+, where the anti-inflammatory effect was not significantly different from the control of indomethacin drugs.