TY - JOUR
T1 - Antimicrobial effect of dissolved curcuminoid in natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
T2 - A promising candidate for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT)
AU - Rachmaniah, Orchidea
AU - Gama, Galang Ramdhani Fitra
AU - Pratama, Zandhika Alfi
AU - Rachimoellah, Muhammad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - An antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a local antimicrobial treatment which utilizes a photosensitizer dye, visible light, and oxygen. It is considered as an alternative treatment for bacterial or fungal resistance. In this treatmetn, a pure, stable and non-toxic natural photosensitizer compound as a host cell which soluble in water and capable of producing reactive photoproducts is required. Curcumin as a natural yellow-orange photosensitizer dye with anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, and anti-infection activities is believed to be safe for human consumption. Combining curcuminoids as a photosensitizer dye with NADES as solvent instead of solving the low solubility drawback of curcuminoids in water, as well as becoming a potential candidate of aPDT. However, an antimicrobial effect of dissolved curcuminoids in NADES need to be studied first. Antimicrobial tests of curcuminoids to both of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods were conducted. Three NADES i.e. malic acid-sucrose-water (MAS-H2O = 1:1:18); fructose-glucose-water (FG-H2O = 1:1:1); and fructose-sucrose-water (FS-H2O = 2:1:15) were tested by applying nine different concentrations of curcuminoids (2.00-4.00 mM). A blank of sample (no dissolved curcuminoids) as well as a pure solution of each constituent compounds of NADES such sucrose, malic acid, fructose, and glucose were also applied. Bacterial suspension approx. 108 cells/mL of 1 mL (24 h incubated at 37oC) was used for the test. MAS-H2O (1:1:18) shown the most effective antimicrobial activity compared to both of FG-H2O (1:1:1) and FS-H2O (2:1:15). The toxicity of MAS-H2O (1:1:18) to both E. coli and S. aureus may due to the low pH condition of NADES itself since malic acid has high acidity (pH <3). Meanwhile, both other NADES contains sugars, i.e. fructose, glucose, and sucrose, showing lower pH value (pH >5). Both on the concentration of the curcuminoids and bacteria effects the observed toxicity.
AB - An antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a local antimicrobial treatment which utilizes a photosensitizer dye, visible light, and oxygen. It is considered as an alternative treatment for bacterial or fungal resistance. In this treatmetn, a pure, stable and non-toxic natural photosensitizer compound as a host cell which soluble in water and capable of producing reactive photoproducts is required. Curcumin as a natural yellow-orange photosensitizer dye with anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, and anti-infection activities is believed to be safe for human consumption. Combining curcuminoids as a photosensitizer dye with NADES as solvent instead of solving the low solubility drawback of curcuminoids in water, as well as becoming a potential candidate of aPDT. However, an antimicrobial effect of dissolved curcuminoids in NADES need to be studied first. Antimicrobial tests of curcuminoids to both of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods were conducted. Three NADES i.e. malic acid-sucrose-water (MAS-H2O = 1:1:18); fructose-glucose-water (FG-H2O = 1:1:1); and fructose-sucrose-water (FS-H2O = 2:1:15) were tested by applying nine different concentrations of curcuminoids (2.00-4.00 mM). A blank of sample (no dissolved curcuminoids) as well as a pure solution of each constituent compounds of NADES such sucrose, malic acid, fructose, and glucose were also applied. Bacterial suspension approx. 108 cells/mL of 1 mL (24 h incubated at 37oC) was used for the test. MAS-H2O (1:1:18) shown the most effective antimicrobial activity compared to both of FG-H2O (1:1:1) and FS-H2O (2:1:15). The toxicity of MAS-H2O (1:1:18) to both E. coli and S. aureus may due to the low pH condition of NADES itself since malic acid has high acidity (pH <3). Meanwhile, both other NADES contains sugars, i.e. fructose, glucose, and sucrose, showing lower pH value (pH >5). Both on the concentration of the curcuminoids and bacteria effects the observed toxicity.
KW - Antibacterial
KW - Curcuma
KW - Deep eutectic solvent
KW - Ionic liquid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103159461&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.11113/mjfas.v16n5.1572
DO - 10.11113/mjfas.v16n5.1572
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85103159461
SN - 2289-5981
VL - 16
SP - 514
EP - 518
JO - Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
JF - Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
IS - 5
ER -