Applications of Meta-Analytic Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Meta-SOCFA) in the Infrastructure of Underdeveloped Areas: An Empirical Studies in Java Island, Indonesia

This article discusses the problem of unequal development in Java Island, Indonesia by investigating factors that are related to infrastructure in underdeveloped areas through modeling using meta-analytic second-order confirmatory factor analysis (meta-socfa) with a two-stage structural equation modeling (TSEM) approach. This approach uses the technique of synthesizing a correlation matrix between research units which is then used as input to test the suitability of the multi-factor model structure. Using four latent variables which are variables to determine underdeveloped areas, these variables include economy, human resources, accessibility, and regional characteristics. The results of this study indicate that the combined effect size estimation uses a random effect model because the study effect size is not homogeneous, and the measurement model can be accepted to explain the infrastructure of underdeveloped areas in Java Island based on the goodness of fit criteria. Another result is that economic dimensions, regional characteristics, and human resources have a significant positive relationship with the infrastructure underdeveloped of areas of Java Island. These results can be used as a reference for the government in determining policy directions to solve infrastructure problems in underdeveloped areas.