Assessing the Impact of High-Speed Rail Development on Conventional Passenger Trains and Sustainability of Transportation in Indonesia

There are many studies on the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) on airplane travel demand, economic growth, connectivity, accessibility, and regional development. However, the degrees to which HSR affects the demand for conventional passenger trains and operation of conventional rail are rarely discussed. This study attempted to fill this gap by identifying and investigating the potential impact of introducing a high-speed rail network in Indonesia, focusing on its implications for conventional passenger trains and the overall sustainability of the transportation system, utilizing an origin-destination matrix, a stated preference survey and choice analysis. The results show that fare is an influential attribute compared to travel time. High-speed trains are substitutes for medium to long distance and complementary for short distance travel. The study provides valuable insights for transport operators, policymakers, and planners. Key findings include a nuanced understanding of potential demands, travel attributes, strategic considerations for optimizing HSR operational plans and sustainable transport.