Averrhoa bilimbi L. Juice: An efficient natural acid catalyst for the green synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone–1,2,3-triazole

Organic chemists frequently study multi-component and click chemistry reactions, including the Biginelli reaction, which produces dihydropyrimidinone derivatives. Traditionally catalyzed by toxic hydrochloric acid, this study replaces it with Averrhoa bilimbi extract, a greener alternative. The yield for derivative 3 was 43%, outperforming the 33% yield obtained using hydrochloric acid. Further, 3 underwent azide-alkyne cycloaddition to form hybrid 4, yielding 43%. Even lower yield when compared to standard protocol by ascorbic acid (82%), this method demonstrated an alternative and sustainable synthesis approach of dihydropyrimidinone–1,2,3-triazole.•Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit extract was utilized as a green catalyst in Biginelli and CuAAC reactions.•A dihydropyrimidinone–1,2,3-triazole hybrid was synthesized through a three-step synthetic route.•The target hybrid compound was successfully obtained and confirmed by FTIR, NMR, and HRMS analyses.