TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of alum sludge from Surabaya Water Treatment Plant, Indonesia
AU - Barakwan, Rizkiy Amaliyah
AU - Trihadiningrum, Yulinah
AU - Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Journal of Ecological Engineering.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - A conventional water treatment plant (WTP) typically involves coagulation-flocculation processes to remove suspended particles and colloids in raw water. The process generates a large volume of alum sludge with high aluminum content, which is discharged into a river with improper treatment. The sludge may cause a potential risk to human health, and disrupt the life of river biota. The aims of this study were to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of alum sludge from Surabaya WTP, and to compare them with those of alum sludge from other plants in Indonesia and developing countries. The alum sludge sample was obtained from the Surabaya WTP in Indonesia. The results showed that the alum sludge had a pH value of 7.47, volatile solids of 12,696 mg/L, total suspended solids of 12,511 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 9666.7 mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 1082.5 mg/L, and sludge volume index 114.18 mL/g. The sludge had high aluminum and iron concentrations. The aluminum content of the sludge was 1194 mg/L, iron 515 mg/L, chromium 0.217 mg/L, and copper 0.559 mg/L. Having a BOD/COD ratio of 0.1, the alum sludge contained high level of non-biodegradable organic matter.
AB - A conventional water treatment plant (WTP) typically involves coagulation-flocculation processes to remove suspended particles and colloids in raw water. The process generates a large volume of alum sludge with high aluminum content, which is discharged into a river with improper treatment. The sludge may cause a potential risk to human health, and disrupt the life of river biota. The aims of this study were to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of alum sludge from Surabaya WTP, and to compare them with those of alum sludge from other plants in Indonesia and developing countries. The alum sludge sample was obtained from the Surabaya WTP in Indonesia. The results showed that the alum sludge had a pH value of 7.47, volatile solids of 12,696 mg/L, total suspended solids of 12,511 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 9666.7 mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 1082.5 mg/L, and sludge volume index 114.18 mL/g. The sludge had high aluminum and iron concentrations. The aluminum content of the sludge was 1194 mg/L, iron 515 mg/L, chromium 0.217 mg/L, and copper 0.559 mg/L. Having a BOD/COD ratio of 0.1, the alum sludge contained high level of non-biodegradable organic matter.
KW - Aluminum sludge
KW - Characteristics
KW - Comparison
KW - Water treatment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065589897&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.12911/22998993/104619
DO - 10.12911/22998993/104619
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85065589897
SN - 2081-139X
VL - 20
SP - 7
EP - 13
JO - Journal of Ecological Engineering
JF - Journal of Ecological Engineering
IS - 5
ER -