Comparative study of Sugarcane Bagasse Pyrolysis Methods on Phosphate Ion Adsorption Efficiency: Optimization with BBD-RSM

Utilization of sugarcane bagasse waste as an adsorbent because it has a high silica content, is environmentally friendly, and has a high surface area. Sugarcane bagasse is used as an adsorbent with oxygen pyrolysis (SB@PO) and N₂ (SB@PN) methods, both of which are applied to reduce phosphate waste in water. The adsorption method was chosen to reduce phosphate levels in wastewater. Adsorption parameters include adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial concentration of phosphate solution. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) methods are used to optimize the process. Phosphate levels are measured using Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). The characterizations carried out include: FTIR, XRD, FESEM-EDX, and N₂ adsorption-desorption. SB@PO obtained material with a crystalline structure and rich in silica while SB@PN obtained material rich in carbon and amorphous structure. The adsorption optimization results showed that SB@PO was superior to SB@PN, namely the percentage removal and adsorption capacity were 95.97% and 43.48 mg/g for SB@PO, while SB@PN was optimal with the percentage removal and adsorption capacity of 65.75% and 2.2×10⁻⁴ mg/g, respectively.