Data-Driven LoRa Precision Agriculture as a Farm Monitoring Solution and Increasing Efficiency of Water Use and Consumption of NPK Fertilizer

The use of technology for agriculture is important where volatile agricultural growth conditions can be maximized by improving efficiency, one of which is engineering efficiency. By improving engineering efficiency, farmers are able to increase land productivity using minimum inputs and by utilizing technology. Some programs that have been offered there are still shortcomings that must be fixed. Therefore, it is necessary to make a tool which is able to help the efficiency of agriculture in Indonesia. One of the technologies that can help the effectiveness and increase of agricultural production of previous research is the concept of automatic monitoring and controller tools that use WiFi and Arduino systems but have not yet continued until application. In addition, the study has not yet reached the actual stage of application. Therefore, Data-Driven LoRa Precision Agriculture solution is needed that is able to monitor crops, control irrigation systems, and input fertilizer doses automatically. Research methods used in the manufacture of this tool are as follows: system identification and literature studies, model and system design, until tool testing. The results obtained from these tests include the temperature sensor, the value is 31–32°, the humidity sensor is 49%, while the distance test is 440 m, as well as the NPK sensor that works properly. The data sent from these sensors are obtained every 10 min the tool will only turn on for 2 s to send the data, then this tool can work for quite a long time because it does not consume a lot of battery power.