Detection of pump faults based on sound signals using non-negative matrix factorization

Maintenance is very closely related to the performance of the production process. An alternative method that can be used to determine the damage to the engine is from the analysis of the sound pattern produced. If the sound source is more than one, then there will be signal mixing, and it will be a challenge in detecting damage to the engine. In this study, mixed signals will be separated. Separation of mixed sound signals was done using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) method. Overall this study is aimed at detecting unbalance, misalignment, and bearing faults at pumps with microphones as sensors. The pumps used in this study were three pumps, where each pump had different conditions (unbalance, misalignment, and bearing fault). All three pumps have 3000 rpm. In this study, the recording process was carried out for 5 s. In this study, we also compare the location of the instantaneous frequency in full spectrum and corresponding frequency in local spectrum, and the distance between the spectra via the log spectral distance from the baseline signal and the estimated signal. Based on the instantaneous frequency approach, no error was found because of the instantaneous frequency suitability of the unbalanced machine condition with the estimated signal in the mixing configuration of three sources with two sensors. From the log spectral instance (LSD) results, the smallest value was obtained the smallest value in estimation 2, which tends to approach the unbalance condition with the LSD value of 1.0889. The most significant relative error is the estimated misalignment signal with a value of 11.2. However, overall damage can still be identified based on the pattern formed and some statistical parameters.