DEVELOPING A MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION FOR CONDOMINIUM PROJECTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; CASE OF INDONESIA

Large-scale development of residential projects, including condominiums, is growing rapidly in developing countries. Despite their contribution to economic growth, the condominium also causes adverse environmental impacts. To address the problems, a sustainable construction paradigm has been introduced. Even though sustainable construction has been widely discussed, most studies focused on social and environmental aspects with little consideration for the economic objective of the business. This study aimed to develop a model to achieve three dimensions of sustainable construction for condominium projects. To identify the influencing factors and the interrelationships, a literature review was carried out and followed by a qualitative survey of 25 condominium projects in Surabaya, Indonesia. The variables consisted of resource consumption, waste, regulation, lean construction methods, sustainable materials, organizational capabilities, health and safety performance, resource efficiency, and life cycle cost. For data analysis purposes, a system dynamics approach was applied. The simulations reveal that the current practices are insufficient to achieve sustainable construction. To formulate sustainability policies, scenarios including the implementation of Modular Construction, tax incentives policy and a policy mix were employed. The results indicate that the scenarios could enhance sustainability in condominium projects. It can be concluded that the model can be used as a tool to improve sustainable construction for condominium projects in developing countries.