Doping of magnesium and aluminum ions on tio₂ as photoanode using the doctor blade method to increase dssc efficiency

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is the most commonly used photoanode material for working electrodes in DSSC. TiO₂ was chosen because of its stable performance. The electron transport process in the pores of TiO₂ nanoparticles occurs randomly. Thus, it will cause a charge recombination process, decreasing the device's performance. TiO₂ needs to be modified by the addition of doping. The dopings used in this study are magnesium and aluminum ions with varying concentrations of 4%, 5%, and 6% using the doctor blade method. The characterizations carried out include absorbance and bandgap with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Morphology with SEM, and efficiency of DSSC with I-V Keithley Meter. The results of UV-Vis characterization obtained the highest absorbance peak when Al and Mg-doped in the wavelength range (250-600) nm. The band gap energy value is at 5% concentration of Mg doping in 1.9 eV and 5% doping of Al concentration in 2.4 eV. The results of the SEM test showed that morphological results obtained greater agglomeration along with the addition of doping. Efficiency results were obtained when doping Al concentrations of 4%, 5%, 6% respectively are 0.205%, 0.415%, 0.275% and when doping of Mg concentrations are 4%, 5%, 6% respectively 0.03%, 0 0.06%, 0.018%.