Effect of Axial Load on Seismic Performance of RC Beam-Column Joint Using Finite Element Analysis

The beam-column joint element is a key component that plays a crucial role in seismic performance, especially in reinforced concrete building structures using moment-resisting frame systems. This is due to the moment reversal occurring in the joint area, where one side of the joint undergoes compression while the other side experiences tension, resulting in forces on the joint element that are much higher than those on the surrounding structural elements. Various studies have been conducted for the development of earthquake-resistant structures, with most research focusing on the seismic forces involved. Parameters that influence the seismic performance of beam-column joint structures include reinforcement ratio, reinforcement anchorage, and confining reinforcement. These parameters are well understood, and design guidelines for them already exist. However, the impact of axial load magnitude on seismic performance has not been explicitly considered so far and remains a topic of debate among researchers. This study examines the effect of axial load on the model of reinforced concrete beam-column joints designed according to Moment Resisting Frame System with the application of cyclic loads and axial loads ratio of 0, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30 from column capacity, using finite element analysis with the ABAQUS program. From the analysis and modeling conducted, it can be concluded that the application of axial load affects the seismic performance of the beam-column joint element. The greater the applied axial load, the better the performance in terms of maximum lateral load and energy dissipation.