Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes

Irawan

doi:10.1063/1.5046288

Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes

Suwarno^*
, Witantyo
, Irawan

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Lead-acid battery is widely used as automotive starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries. Due to economic of the production and rather simple manufacturing process, the lead-acid battery remains as a feasible type of battery for renewable energy storage application. However, the cycle life of battery is limited to several hundreds of cycles depends on operational conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of depth of discharge (DoD) on the cycle life of a battery which is relevant for battery in renewable energy applications. The battery samples used in the present work were prepared from commercial SLI battery. The sample was cycled in 2 electrode systems at constant current charging and discharging procedure in an Autolab PGSTAT 302 N at different DoD, i.e. 40%, 60%, and 80% for 80 cycles. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize active materials after the cycle life test. The cycle test showed a significant formation of lead sulfate (PbSO4) on the negative and positive electrode and the highest level was found at 80% DoD. The sulfation decreased as DoD was reduced. Excessive lead sulfate (PbSO₄) formation was found on the negative electrode at all the DoD regimes. This result indicates that decreasing cycle life of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery is mostly caused by sulfation on the negative electrode.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness
Subtitle of host publication	Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017
Editors	Vivien S. Djanali, Suwarno, Bambang Pramujati, Volodymyr A. Yartys
Publisher	American Institute of Physics Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9780735416994
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5046288
Publication status	Published - 13 Jul 2018
Event	3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017 - Surabaya, Indonesia Duration: 5 Oct 2017 → 6 Oct 2017

Publication series

Name	AIP Conference Proceedings
Volume	1983
ISSN (Print)	0094-243X
ISSN (Electronic)	1551-7616

Conference

Conference	3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017
Country/Territory	Indonesia
City	Surabaya
Period	5/10/17 → 6/10/17

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

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10.1063/1.5046288

Cite this

Suwarno , Witantyo, & Irawan (2018). Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes. In V. S. Djanali, Suwarno, B. Pramujati, & V. A. Yartys (Eds.), Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017 Article 050015 (AIP Conference Proceedings; Vol. 1983). American Institute of Physics Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5046288

Suwarno, ; Witantyo ; Irawan. / Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes. Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017. editor / Vivien S. Djanali ; Suwarno ; Bambang Pramujati ; Volodymyr A. Yartys. American Institute of Physics Inc., 2018. (AIP Conference Proceedings).

@inproceedings{aaf1ea5ee76c463d8a1abdcc92167897,

title = "Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes",

abstract = "Lead-acid battery is widely used as automotive starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries. Due to economic of the production and rather simple manufacturing process, the lead-acid battery remains as a feasible type of battery for renewable energy storage application. However, the cycle life of battery is limited to several hundreds of cycles depends on operational conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of depth of discharge (DoD) on the cycle life of a battery which is relevant for battery in renewable energy applications. The battery samples used in the present work were prepared from commercial SLI battery. The sample was cycled in 2 electrode systems at constant current charging and discharging procedure in an Autolab PGSTAT 302 N at different DoD, i.e. 40\%, 60\%, and 80\% for 80 cycles. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize active materials after the cycle life test. The cycle test showed a significant formation of lead sulfate (PbSO4) on the negative and positive electrode and the highest level was found at 80\% DoD. The sulfation decreased as DoD was reduced. Excessive lead sulfate (PbSO4) formation was found on the negative electrode at all the DoD regimes. This result indicates that decreasing cycle life of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery is mostly caused by sulfation on the negative electrode.",

author = "Suwarno and Witantyo and Irawan",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Author(s).; 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017 ; Conference date: 05-10-2017 Through 06-10-2017",

year = "2018",

month = jul,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1063/1.5046288",

language = "English",

series = "AIP Conference Proceedings",

publisher = "American Institute of Physics Inc.",

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booktitle = "Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness",

}

Suwarno, , Witantyo & Irawan 2018, Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes. in VS Djanali, Suwarno, B Pramujati & VA Yartys (eds), Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017., 050015, AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1983, American Institute of Physics Inc., 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017, Surabaya, Indonesia, 5/10/17. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5046288

Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes. / Suwarno, ; Witantyo; Irawan.
Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017. ed. / Vivien S. Djanali; Suwarno; Bambang Pramujati; Volodymyr A. Yartys. American Institute of Physics Inc., 2018. 050015 (AIP Conference Proceedings; Vol. 1983).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes

AU - Suwarno,

AU - Witantyo,

AU - Irawan,

PY - 2018/7/13

Y1 - 2018/7/13

N2 - Lead-acid battery is widely used as automotive starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries. Due to economic of the production and rather simple manufacturing process, the lead-acid battery remains as a feasible type of battery for renewable energy storage application. However, the cycle life of battery is limited to several hundreds of cycles depends on operational conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of depth of discharge (DoD) on the cycle life of a battery which is relevant for battery in renewable energy applications. The battery samples used in the present work were prepared from commercial SLI battery. The sample was cycled in 2 electrode systems at constant current charging and discharging procedure in an Autolab PGSTAT 302 N at different DoD, i.e. 40%, 60%, and 80% for 80 cycles. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize active materials after the cycle life test. The cycle test showed a significant formation of lead sulfate (PbSO4) on the negative and positive electrode and the highest level was found at 80% DoD. The sulfation decreased as DoD was reduced. Excessive lead sulfate (PbSO4) formation was found on the negative electrode at all the DoD regimes. This result indicates that decreasing cycle life of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery is mostly caused by sulfation on the negative electrode.

AB - Lead-acid battery is widely used as automotive starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries. Due to economic of the production and rather simple manufacturing process, the lead-acid battery remains as a feasible type of battery for renewable energy storage application. However, the cycle life of battery is limited to several hundreds of cycles depends on operational conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of depth of discharge (DoD) on the cycle life of a battery which is relevant for battery in renewable energy applications. The battery samples used in the present work were prepared from commercial SLI battery. The sample was cycled in 2 electrode systems at constant current charging and discharging procedure in an Autolab PGSTAT 302 N at different DoD, i.e. 40%, 60%, and 80% for 80 cycles. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize active materials after the cycle life test. The cycle test showed a significant formation of lead sulfate (PbSO4) on the negative and positive electrode and the highest level was found at 80% DoD. The sulfation decreased as DoD was reduced. Excessive lead sulfate (PbSO4) formation was found on the negative electrode at all the DoD regimes. This result indicates that decreasing cycle life of valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery is mostly caused by sulfation on the negative electrode.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85050457865

U2 - 10.1063/1.5046288

DO - 10.1063/1.5046288

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85050457865

T3 - AIP Conference Proceedings

BT - Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness

A2 - Djanali, Vivien S.

A2 - Suwarno, null

A2 - Pramujati, Bambang

A2 - Yartys, Volodymyr A.

PB - American Institute of Physics Inc.

T2 - 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017

Y2 - 5 October 2017 through 6 October 2017

ER -

Suwarno , Witantyo, Irawan. Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes. In Djanali VS, Suwarno, Pramujati B, Yartys VA, editors, Disruptive Innovation in Mechanical Engineering for Industry Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2017. American Institute of Physics Inc. 2018. 050015. (AIP Conference Proceedings). doi: 10.1063/1.5046288

Effect of depth of discharge on morphology and size of sulfate particles in VRLA battery electrodes

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