TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Inner Reductant Addition and Laying on Carbothermic Reduction Process of Laterite Nickel Ore/Coal Composite Briquette
AU - Abdul, Fakhreza
AU - Devalini, Prita Meilyvia
AU - Setiyorini, Yuli
AU - Setyowati, Vuri Ayu
AU - Pintowantoro, Sungging
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Strict environmental regulations have made on many industrial sectors to try and reduce CO2 gas production, including the nickel and ferronickel manufacturing industries. One of the promising technologies in reducing CO2 emissions is carbothermic reduction using a lower operating temperature than smelting process. This study aims to study the effects of adding and laying reductant (coal) on composite briquette. By using the same C/O molar ratio, this research tries to study the effects of inner and outer coal on the carbothermic reduction of laterite nickel ore. The carbothermal reduction process was carried out at 700 °C for 2 h and then followed by heating at 1400 °C for 6 h. Then, the ferronickel was separated from the impurities by magnetic separation. Several tests and calculations were carried out to assess process performance, such as energy dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, calculation of nickel recovery, calculation of selectivity factor, and calculation of separation efficiency. The result showed that inner and outer coal in the carbothermic reduction process of laterite nickel ore can affect the selectivity performance of nickel. The best nickel recovery (93%) was obtained when using 70% inner coal and 30% outer coal. On the other hand, the best nickel content (13.99%) was achieved when using 90% inner coal and 10% outer coal. The ferronickel product obtained from this process can be applied as a raw material in stainless steel making or further processed into nickel sulfate powder.
AB - Strict environmental regulations have made on many industrial sectors to try and reduce CO2 gas production, including the nickel and ferronickel manufacturing industries. One of the promising technologies in reducing CO2 emissions is carbothermic reduction using a lower operating temperature than smelting process. This study aims to study the effects of adding and laying reductant (coal) on composite briquette. By using the same C/O molar ratio, this research tries to study the effects of inner and outer coal on the carbothermic reduction of laterite nickel ore. The carbothermal reduction process was carried out at 700 °C for 2 h and then followed by heating at 1400 °C for 6 h. Then, the ferronickel was separated from the impurities by magnetic separation. Several tests and calculations were carried out to assess process performance, such as energy dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, calculation of nickel recovery, calculation of selectivity factor, and calculation of separation efficiency. The result showed that inner and outer coal in the carbothermic reduction process of laterite nickel ore can affect the selectivity performance of nickel. The best nickel recovery (93%) was obtained when using 70% inner coal and 30% outer coal. On the other hand, the best nickel content (13.99%) was achieved when using 90% inner coal and 10% outer coal. The ferronickel product obtained from this process can be applied as a raw material in stainless steel making or further processed into nickel sulfate powder.
KW - Carbothermic reduction
KW - Laterite ore processing
KW - Nickel selective reduction
KW - Reductant laying
KW - Sustain resources and process
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141371903&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s13369-022-07402-3
DO - 10.1007/s13369-022-07402-3
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85141371903
SN - 2193-567X
VL - 48
SP - 11285
EP - 11294
JO - Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
JF - Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
IS - 9
ER -