Effects of Electric Vehicle and Electric Stove Usage on Photovoltaic Hosting Capacity in Indonesian 20 kV Distribution Network

An increasing total emission each year has raised concerns about climate change, especially in Indonesia. To solve this issue, Indonesia is actively developing strategies to reduce emissions across various sectors. In transportation sector, Indonesia starts giving subsidies and tax reduction for electric vehicles (EVs) user. This initiative aims to incentivize conventional vehicle users to transition to electric alternatives, which might have a significant impact since 17% of the nation's total emissions come from the transportation sector. Additionally, Indonesia is promoting the use of electric stoves (ESs) over conventional stoves. This program aims to reduce carbon emissions and decrease reliance on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), with a target to reduce LPG consumption by 31% by 2050. Indonesia's commitment to reducing total emission is further demonstrated by its signing of the Paris Agreement pledging to achieve Net Zero Emission country in 2050. This commitment strengthens Indonesia's objective to go towards clean energy. The most viable energy transition for Indonesia involves photovoltaic (PV) systems since Indonesia has a great potential in solar energy harvesting. With the upcoming shift to clean energy, it is crucial for Indonesia to establish appropriate regulations to create a more reliable energy system. The regulation must consider the readiness of the system for the implementation of cleaner energy technology. This paper will explore the impact of EVs and ESs on PV hosting capacity. Simulations will be performed on an actual distribution system in Indonesia using voltage limitation stated in SPLN T6.001 2013 as a constrain. The result indicates a slight increase in PV hosting capacity when accounting for the power demand contributions of EVs and ESs. Moreover, scenarios involving energy storage have been conducted to ensure system readiness during daytime. The results show a dramatic increase in PV hosting capacity when energy storage is considered.