Energy Transaction Management in Radial Distribution Networks Considering the Effect of PV, Load and Power Quality

Nowadays, many electrical energies generated by photovoltaic (PV). Besides being used to meet each consumer's electricity demands, it is also beginning to sell electricity from one consumer to another consumer. This process utilizes the provider's electricity network, so that excess power will be sold to the provider and then resold to other consumers who buy electricity. If this exceeds the specified limits, it will affect the voltage and the power quality of the system, especially power losses and power factor. The presence or absence of regulation or management in buying and selling electricity will also affect these parameters. In this paper, a simulation of power flow analysis will be carried out on the radial distribution system by considering PV sources and loads' influence to know how the energy transaction model developed. The energy transaction model is like a transaction on the marketplace. Some sellers and buyers trade in electrical energy with regulations controlling the transactions. Based on the simulation result, the proposed model can anticipate power quality problems such as overvoltage resulting from too large energy sales or Undervoltage due to purchasing too much energy. The implementation of regulation shows that the highest voltage is 1 p.u, the lowest voltage is 0.9924 p.u, and the maximum percentage of cable loading is 18.59%. Economically, the implementation of regulations is profitable for energy retailers as providers of electricity services.