Environmental Sustainability and Spatial Pattern of Settlement in the Osing and Sasak Communities

Local communities have patterns of adaptation to their environment and produce local knowledge systems. Local knowledge provides a pattern of relationships between communities and their environment to support nature conservation. Local knowledge also produces spatial patterns of community settlements. The aim of this research is to find the differences and similarities the way of thinking Sasak and Osing tribes in protecting their environment and their relation to the spatial pattern of community settlements. This research is classified as a qualitative descriptive research. The approach used ethnography. Data search in this case using in-depth interview techniques, documentation, observation and literacy studies The data analysis technique went through several stages, namely collection, grouping, examination, analysis, and drawing conclusions. The results show that ecological knowledge to achieve environmental harmony has an impact on various behavioral patterns of the Osing and Sasak people. Series of activities to protect the environment starting from knowledge of agricultural systems, management of water resources, land use, plant use, rituals, cultural traditions, or settlement patterns. The spatial pattern of the Osing community settlement is north-south and the direction of the road. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern of the Sasak people's settlements uses a mountain-sea and east-west orientation.