From 15-Minutes City to Proximity Paradigm: Insights from Surabaya Rungkut Development Unit

Quality of life correlates with mobility and transportation. The massive use of motorized vehicles increases pollution and transportation costs incurred, thus increasing the negative impact on urban systems that should create a more responsive, efficient, and sustainable system in facing these challenges. Therefore, there is a clear urgency to realize the distribution of facilities and infrastructure into smaller units, one of which is achieved by the 15-Minutes City concept. This research uses Content Analysis and Network Analysis respectively to identify the types of facilities and amenities and measure the residential reachability of each facility. There are 15 facilities categorized into 7 types of facilities. This study found that within 15 minutes, there are facilities that are most accessible on foot, namely: grocery stores, pharmacies, and kindergartens, and by cycling, namely: grocery stores, places of worship, and kindergartens. It is hoped that the results of this study can serve as a reference for the government in formulating policies for providing facilities based on the reachability of various modes of transportation, especially walking and cycling.