Hybrid Tuning for Parameters of Power System Stabilizer and Virtual Inertia Based on Super Conducting Magnetic Energy Storage Using Gravitational Search Algorithm

This research aims to improve the stability of the power system due to low-frequency oscillations by hybrid tuning of Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Virtual Inertia Control (VIC) based on Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES). The Integral Absolute Time Error (ITAE) was chosen as objective function to be minimized through the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). The proposed method was implemented in Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system integrated with Photovoltaic (PV). In high inertia scenarios, the optimal parameter of PSS-VIC by GSA is effective to suppress rotor speed oscillations and provides faster settling time with undershoot reduced by 15.31% and overshoot reduced by 68.18%. In medium inertia scenarios, the PSS-VIC combination achieves reduction in undershoot by 23.86% and overshoot by 58.56%. Moreover, GSA shows superior performance compared to PSO for tuning PSS-VIC with GSA achieving better ITAE by 19.98% in high inertia scenario and by 7.13% in medium inertia scenario.