Impact of Feed Rate on Electrospun PLA/Cellulose/Chitosan Nanofiber Wound Dressing Characteristics

The development of biocomposite nanofiber based wound dressing materials using Polylactic Acid (PLA), cellulose, and chitosan was carried out through the electrospinning method. The ideal wound dressing should be biocompatible, biodegradable, antibacterial, and able to maintain optimal wound moisture with its water resistance. In this study, various material compositions and electrospinning feed rates were applied to study their effects on water resistance. The solution mixing process was carried out using Dichloromethane and Dimethylformamide solvents, followed by electrospinning at a voltage of 20 kV with a feed rate ranging from 5 mL/h to 9 mL/h, characterization included hydrophobicity testing, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The resulting nanofiber-based wound dressing, based on hydrophobicity testing, was found to have the lowest contact angle value at a feed rate of 6 mL/h with a 100% PLA composition of 77.9096°, and the highest contact angle value at a feed rate of 6 mL/h with a chitosan and cellulose composition of 89.37°. This indicates that the combination of cellulose and chitosan is able to maintain stable surface properties despite changing process conditions. Overall, the effect of flow rate on surface properties is strongly influenced by material composition, which ultimately determines the contact angle. This contact angle value plays a crucial role in determining water resistance, whether the surface tends to be hydrophilic (readily absorbs water) or hydrophobic (repels water).