Magnetohydrodynamics nano fluid flows through a vertical porous cylinder

Simulation studies and applications in mathematics continue to evolve as science and computer technology evolution. One of them is Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) which is closely related to the field of engineering and industry. This study considers velocity and temperature analysis around the lower stagnation point on magnetohydrodynamics nano fluids through a vertical porous cylinder. Governing equations are derived from dimensional equations, which are mass or continuity equation, momentum equation, and energy equation. Further, the dimensional governing equations are converted to the non-dimensional governing equations. The non-dimensional governing equations are further transformed to similarity equations by introducing stream function. We obtain ordinary differential equation and boundary conditions, and we call mathematical model of the problem. We further solve the mathematical model numerically using finite difference method, i.e. Keller Box scheme or method. For running numerical simulation, we apply two nano fluids, i.e. nano particle Li2O and Fe2O3with water as basic fluid for the nano fluids. The numerical simulation results show that velocity of the nano-fluid increases when parameters of magnetic and porous increase. However, the velocity of the nano fluid increases when the volume fraction and Prandtl number decrease. Further, the temperature of nano fluid increases when the parameter of magnetic, porous, and Prandtl number decrease. However, the temperature of nano fluid increases when the volume fraction increases.