MOBILE SINK BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL SEARCH ALGORITHM AND PEGASIS PROTOCOL TO ENHANCE NETWORK LIFETIME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been deployed in many applications that require long-term observation and deployment in hard-to-reach environments. The sensor node energy limitation can cause data transmission failure. Thus, energy efficiency becomes important in WSN. Sink movement can be a strategy to improve energy efficiency. However, determining the optimal sojourn point is a non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) problem. This paper proposes a mobile sink based on the differential search algorithm (DS) and the PEGASIS protocol (MSDSP) to enhance energy efficiency and network lifetime. In MSDSP, estimates of the remaining energy and distance from the sensor node to the sojourn point are the basis for selecting the chain leader (CL). Next, the DS algorithm determines the optimal sojourn points. The experimental results show that MSDSP has better performance than the comparison protocol; mobile sinks increase energy efficiency based on PEGASIS routing protocol (MIEEPB) and Revised MIEEPB protocol in energy efficiency and network life. Also, MSDSP can extend the period of stability.