Modeling, Simulation, and Validation of An Electric Scooter Energy Consumption Model: A Case Study of Indonesian Electric Scooter

Indonesia has the third-largest motorcycle population in the world. These motorcycles have been known as a source of air pollution. Therefore, shifting the motorcycle to electric-driven based technology is inevitable. However, it is quite challenging as the residents prefer higher performance (in terms of power and speed) of the electric model which is unavailable in the market. Unfortunately, the demand for higher performance models creates other problems, such as the requirement for a bigger battery. This is because there is a range of anxiety phenomena in-vehicle usage. However, the capability to accurately estimate the electric motorcycle's range does not exist. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to develop an electric scooter model to simulate its performances, especially its range estimation. The modeling approach was the use of an electric scooter longitudinal model developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment. Based on the dimensions and targeted performance, the developed model was simulated to determine its power and energy requirements. It is then validated using an experimental test on a dynamometer and on-road conditions. Based on the experimental data analysis, it can be concluded the developed model is valid and can be used as a basis for the next development of any electric motorcycle.