Monitoring and Implementation of Charging Protection Valve Regulated Lead-Acid Battery Bank for Photovoltaic Systems in Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Using LabVIEW

The use of batteries to store electrical energy from photovoltaic (PV) output during stand-alone operation is important in electric vehicles. However, the charge and discharge technique is often not considered, thereby causing overvoltage and undervoltage capable of shortening the battery's life. Furthermore, the operating temperature during the charge and discharge processes needs to be observed to avoid overheating, which can reduce the battery performance. Therefore, this research monitored and implemented the charge-discharge process, and also controlled the protection of the voltage, current, and temperature parameters, to obtain a battery management system capable of preventing electrical energy from being damaged quickly. The monitoring and protection tool showed that the safety relay has been able to work to limit the charge/discharge current, temperature, and voltage of the battery SOC working limit set in accordance with the optimal work standard of 90% to 20%. However, in this research, it is still impossible to estimate the age and damage of the battery.