Numerical Analysis of Voltage Drop on Low Voltage Direct Current Power System on Ship with Hybrid Power Sources

Indonesia has ratified the Paris Agreement, meaning that the country must prioritize efforts to reduce Green House Gases by using New and Renewable Energy. In marine engineering scope, the electrical system with a hybrid generator and photovoltaic sources, combined with direct current (DC) distribution system on ship is one of the feasible solutions. While the effectivity in high voltage DC system has been frequently mentioned, the effectiveness of low voltage DC has not been studied. One of the necessary analyzes the effectiveness of the distribution of electricity is a voltage drop analysis. The research process conducted by modeling single-line diagrams of the AC and DC distribution systems of hybrid sources, and voltage drop simulations were performed using power analysis simulation software. The voltage drop value on the AC and DC distribution of the four ship operating conditions, namely sailing, loading-unloading, leaving/arriving and at port are compared. Based on the voltage drop data obtained, all of the values are fulfilling the IEC standard, which is 5%. The value of the DC distribution voltage drop has a smaller value than the AC distribution. In AC distribution, the largest bus voltage drop in sailing conditions is 1.55%. In DC distribution, the largest bus voltage drop is is 1.41%.