Optimal Tuning of Power System Stabilizer and Virtual Inertia Control Based On Black Widow Optimization Algorithm

The power system integrated with Photovoltaic (PV) is considered as a low inertia system. In low inertia system, the dynamic stability due to the Low Frequency Oscillation (LFO) caused by small load changes are harder to dampen. This paper presents dynamic stability improvement of the power system integrated with PV by optimal tuning of Power System Stabilizer and Virtual Inertia Control (PSS-VIC) based on Black Widow Optimization Algorithm (BWOA). Besides that, the Supercapacitor Energy Storage (SCES) is dispatched as inertia emulator on the VIC scheme. The optimal parameters for PSS-VIC are achieved by minimizing the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) as an objective function of BWOA. The simulation results justify that PSS-VIC provides the most effective solution to dampen LFO compared to PSS or VIC only. The effectiveness of PSS-VIC is validated in high and low inertia conditions. In high inertia condition, the combined PSS-VIC has reduced the overshoot by 98.75%, a frequency nadir is also improved by 47.47%, and a settling time by 1.927 s. In the low inertia conditions, the combined PSS-VIC has significantly reduced the overshoot, improve the frequency nadir by 55.83%, and achieved the quickest settling time of 1.596 s.