Optimization of high temperature furnace system as one of the spray pyrolisis subsystems based on R type thermocouples and PID control

One method that can produce nanoparticle material is the spray pyrolysis method, but the use of a spray system requires a high temperature heating or pyrolisis system therefore a furnace is needed which can reach high temperatures. The built furnace has a vertical elongated turbular type with dimensions measuring 60 cm × 50 cm × 150 cm. For this furnace used nickell type windings which are loosely shaped, and given type R thermocouples that are able to measure up to 1600 °C, using a PID control system. The design scheme of the furnace is divided into 3 blocks, with heaters arranged in series to obtain the best efficiency when using electric power. The results obtained are that the furnace is able to reach a maximum temperature of 1000 °C with high accuracy in all three blocks, but the achievement time of the maximum temperature in each block is only the best block 2 compared to other blocks, this is due to the heat induction arising from blocks 1 and 2.