Optimizing the antenna characteristic parameters in nxn array double bi-ellipse microstrip for satellite communications

The purpose of this study is to design an nxn array double bi-ellipse microstrip antenna with optimal characteristic parameters. This is achieved by optimizing the width feeding stripline and its application for satellite communications. The numeric analysis with an empirical formula in the ellipse microstrip line array supports the optimally applied antenna in communications. The simulation created using the Finite Different Time Domain (FDTD) method shows the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), Reflection coefficient, Return Loss, and Gain with Vertical Linear Polarization. The results obtained are approximately VSWR < 2, Return Loss <-15dB and 7.53dB Gain in Omnidirectional radiation pattern for 8x2 and 8x4 variant arrays. Additionally, the measurements are approximately VSWR < 2, Return Loss <-15dB and 7.22dB Gain in Omnidirectional radiation pattern for 8x2 and 8x4 variant arrays. Therefore, the nxn array double bi-ellipse microstrip antenna's width is optimized to obtain a feeding stripline. This research proposed that the antenna array variation used in designing the bi-ellipse microstrip antenna was intended to widen the antenna's bandwidth. The calculation showed that varying values of the antenna were obtained from various array designs. The result showed that the more antenna array designed, the wider and higher the gain obtained in the radar satellite communication system.