Optimizing zakat governance in East Java using analytical network process (ANP): the role of zakat technology (ZakaTech)

Purpose: This study aims to formulate a strategy for optimizing zakat governance in zakat institutions in East Java Province by identifying priority problems, creating solutions and developing strategies. Design/methodology/approach: This qualitative research uses the analytical network process method. Ten respondents representing practitioners, academics, associations and regulators were selected for their expertise in zakat governance. The data were processed using Super Decision software program and Excel. Findings: Priority issues in optimizing zakat governance found in this study are lack of information on Mustahik’s needs and development to Muzakki and the low motivation and ability of Mustahik to develop. Improving the quality and capacity of Amil’s, especially in the technological aspect, is a priority solution. The priority strategy considers intensification (by developing Amil’s ability to use technology) and extensification (by increasing Amil’s numbers who master technology). Practical implications: The results highlight the urgency of increasing Amil’s capacity and capability in technology-based zakat management. Zakat institutions need to prepare for management’s transformation toward zakat technology as one of the priorities in optimizing zakat governance. Originality/value: Problems, solutions and strategies for optimizing zakat governance are collected by connecting it to the Zakat Core Principles, namely, the ninth principle of collection management and the tenth principle of distribution management. Further, for identifying problems, solutions and strategies, four aspects must be considered of Amil, Muzakki, Mustahiq and other supporting elements to present better policies to optimize zakat governance.