Parameter estimation of nonlinear structural model SEM using spline approach

Structural equation modeling (SEM) consists of two parts, namely measurement model, which measures a relation between indicators with latent variables and structural model that analyzes the relationships between the latent variables. In General, the researches about SEM assume that relation among latent variables are linear. If the relation between latent variables is nonlinear than the function has to be estimated. Two exogenous and an endogenous latent variables models can be written as follows.