Prevalence and risk factors for gestational diabetes in Jambi, Indonesia

The most common time for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which affects anywhere from 1% to 40% of pregnant women, is between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy. One of the provinces in Indonesia, Jambi, was the focus of this study, which aimed to characterize the incidence and risk factors of GDM. One hundred twenty-two women without GDM and twelve women with GDM participated in this case control research. Oral glucose tolerance tests were used to diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women who were assessed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Data Collection in this research used questionnaire about woman’s social demographics, history GDM, parity, family support, and social support. Multivariate analysis is used to measure the relationship between variables. The results of the study showed a huigh prevalence of GDM of 37,6%. The identified risk factors were hypertension (OR=2,121;CI95%=1,405-3,203), family history of DM (OR=1,610;CI95%=1,333-1,946),BMI>30 kg/m²(OR=1,465;CI95%=1,243-1,727) and history of GDM previous pregnancy (OR=2,857;CI95%=0,839-9,727). We conclude that a GDM risk factor score is required so that health services can utilize these indicators as gold standards for screening GDM, due to the large heterogeneity in GDM risk factors.