Profile of Equilibrium Compositions of the Aqueous Ethanol-Gasoline (RONs 88), Aqueous Ethanol-Gasoline (RONs 90), and Aqueous Ethanol-Gasoline (RONs 92) in Stable Emulsion

Recently, the world has been facing the scarcity of fossil-based fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and natural gas, as their prices are surging. Meanwhile, the turning process from fossil-based fuels to renewable energies moves slowly since their production costs are still high. Scientists are pursuing renewable energy to substitute a part of conventional fuels and finding the technology to decrease the generating cost. One of many ways to change a small percentage of the old fuels is to increase effort and efficient technology relating to the preparation of emulsion fuels. The present study is directed to the profile analysis of the aqueous ethanol and gasoline compositions forming a stable emulsion that was assigned as an equilibrium state. The emulsion fuels consisting of aqueous ethanol and gasoline, whose RONs numbers are 88, 90, and 92, were successfully blended in one phase. Procedures: The sugar sap was tapped from a palm tree (Arenga pinnata) by farmers and continued to the yeasting process. The yeasted broth was distilled using simple equipment, which yielded liquor containing ethanol of 30-50%. The ethanol was purified by employing a reflux separation in which it produced alcohol 80-96% which then increased their concentrations to 97-99% by employing an absorption technique. The aqueous ethanol was blended with gasoline in an exact composition to form a uniform solution. It was found that aqueous ethanol, whose concentrations were 80-99%, was dissolved entirely into gasoline. The addition of aqueous ethanol continually after a stable emulsion was met, would not separate the phase. The compositions between aqueous ethanol and gasoline were analyzed using linear graphs describing the profile of the equilibrium state of the two components.