Reduction of limonite ore from South Sulawesi with additive Na2SO4 using carbon monoxide

Suharto Suharto; Fajar Nurjaman; Amru Daulay; Lukman Hakim Nasution; Slamet Sumardi; Andinnie Juniarsih; Andri Subekti; Suhartono Suhartono; Susanti Sundari; Feerzet Achmad; Diah Susanti; Erik Prasetyo; Fathan Bahfie

doi:10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219

Reduction of limonite ore from South Sulawesi with additive Na₂SO₄ using carbon monoxide

Suharto Suharto^*, Fajar Nurjaman, Amru Daulay, Lukman Hakim Nasution, Slamet Sumardi, Andinnie Juniarsih, Andri Subekti, Suhartono Suhartono, Susanti Sundari, Feerzet Achmad, Diah Susanti, Erik Prasetyo, Fathan Bahfie^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

This study utilised a selective reduction method to generate ferronickel from limonitic ore, followed by a magnetic separation stage. The research explored the kinetics and the influence of time and temperature on nickel content and recovery. Sodium sulfate was incorporated as an additive, and carbon monoxide (CO) gas served as the reductant in a vertical tube furnace. Magnetic separation employed a permanent magnet set at 500 G. Reduction took place at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C, with varying durations from 30 min to 180 min. Optimal recovery and nickel grade were achieved at 1100°C for 180 min, reaching 70.07% and 8.49%, respectively. Increasing the reduction temperature and time correlated with enhanced recovery and nickel grade.

Original language	English
Journal	Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 2024

Keywords

Activation energy
limonite ore
recovery
reduction kinetics
selective reduction

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10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219

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title = "Reduction of limonite ore from South Sulawesi with additive Na2SO4 using carbon monoxide",

abstract = "This study utilised a selective reduction method to generate ferronickel from limonitic ore, followed by a magnetic separation stage. The research explored the kinetics and the influence of time and temperature on nickel content and recovery. Sodium sulfate was incorporated as an additive, and carbon monoxide (CO) gas served as the reductant in a vertical tube furnace. Magnetic separation employed a permanent magnet set at 500 G. Reduction took place at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C, with varying durations from 30 min to 180 min. Optimal recovery and nickel grade were achieved at 1100°C for 180 min, reaching 70.07% and 8.49%, respectively. Increasing the reduction temperature and time correlated with enhanced recovery and nickel grade.",

keywords = "Activation energy, limonite ore, recovery, reduction kinetics, selective reduction",

author = "Suharto Suharto and Fajar Nurjaman and Amru Daulay and Nasution, {Lukman Hakim} and Slamet Sumardi and Andinnie Juniarsih and Andri Subekti and Suhartono Suhartono and Susanti Sundari and Feerzet Achmad and Diah Susanti and Erik Prasetyo and Fathan Bahfie",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum.",

year = "2024",

doi = "10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219",

language = "English",

journal = "Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly",

issn = "0008-4433",

publisher = "Maney Publishing",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Reduction of limonite ore from South Sulawesi with additive Na2SO4 using carbon monoxide

AU - Suharto, Suharto

AU - Nurjaman, Fajar

AU - Daulay, Amru

AU - Nasution, Lukman Hakim

AU - Sumardi, Slamet

AU - Juniarsih, Andinnie

AU - Subekti, Andri

AU - Suhartono, Suhartono

AU - Sundari, Susanti

AU - Achmad, Feerzet

AU - Susanti, Diah

AU - Prasetyo, Erik

AU - Bahfie, Fathan

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - This study utilised a selective reduction method to generate ferronickel from limonitic ore, followed by a magnetic separation stage. The research explored the kinetics and the influence of time and temperature on nickel content and recovery. Sodium sulfate was incorporated as an additive, and carbon monoxide (CO) gas served as the reductant in a vertical tube furnace. Magnetic separation employed a permanent magnet set at 500 G. Reduction took place at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C, with varying durations from 30 min to 180 min. Optimal recovery and nickel grade were achieved at 1100°C for 180 min, reaching 70.07% and 8.49%, respectively. Increasing the reduction temperature and time correlated with enhanced recovery and nickel grade.

AB - This study utilised a selective reduction method to generate ferronickel from limonitic ore, followed by a magnetic separation stage. The research explored the kinetics and the influence of time and temperature on nickel content and recovery. Sodium sulfate was incorporated as an additive, and carbon monoxide (CO) gas served as the reductant in a vertical tube furnace. Magnetic separation employed a permanent magnet set at 500 G. Reduction took place at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C, with varying durations from 30 min to 180 min. Optimal recovery and nickel grade were achieved at 1100°C for 180 min, reaching 70.07% and 8.49%, respectively. Increasing the reduction temperature and time correlated with enhanced recovery and nickel grade.

KW - Activation energy

KW - limonite ore

KW - recovery

KW - reduction kinetics

KW - selective reduction

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85209655787&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219

DO - 10.1080/00084433.2024.2419219

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85209655787

SN - 0008-4433

JO - Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly

JF - Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly

ER -

Reduction of limonite ore from South Sulawesi with additive Na₂SO₄ using carbon monoxide

Abstract

Keywords

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