Review on Various Types of Geopolymer Materials with the Environmental Impact Assessment

The development of green technology in the construction industry since 10 years ago is something to be proud of Malaysia. Several alternative geopolymer materials were invented in Malaysia such as fly ash, POFA, kaolin, metakaolin, and dolomite based geopolymer materials to achieve sustainable development especially in the building and construction sector. Those alternative materials are very important to replace the application of OPC, which is said to be the main cause of global warming. A review on the content of the chemical differences with the environmental impact resulting from the production of geopolymer is carried out in this study. In conclusion, fly ash based geopolymer material showed the best performance in terms of aluminosilicate content and also it is the best practice in the environmental protection applications for the moment. However, when compared with the OPC, fly ash geopolymer concrete was still able to reduce the effects of global warming potentials, but it is rather gave a negative impact on some aspects of the environment such as abiotic depletions, human toxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity and acidification.