State Estimation for Radial Passive Distribution System using Hamiltonian Cycle Theory Based on Geographic Information System (GIS)

Constant increasing in the Indonesian population causes an increase in the electricity consumption, as well as the complexity in distribution system networks. Such complex networks require a valid and fair online monitoring and analysis system to allow network maintenance. One of the important components in online monitoring is measurement sensors. It demands quite a lot of sensors for all buses to yield a valid and fair monitoring. However, high investment and maintenance cost must be taken into consideration to build a monitoring system. To resolve this matter, state estimation-A calculation process to estimate unknown variables on a bus-can be used. Using state estimation, expenses can be minimized, because the monitoring system requires less sensors to obtain the same load flow results as if sensors are installed at all buses. Therefore, this research applied state estimation method on a Radial Passive Distribution System using Hamiltonian Cycle Theory. The number of sensors required should be first determined based on the selected buses in the network to conduct estimation based on the Hamiltonian Theory-which estimates the loads at the buses without sensors installed. Then, currents, voltages, losses, and voltage drops can be calculated easily in such distribution system. To understand a visualization of the estimation results, Geographic Information System is used. The simulation results show that this method works satisfactorily to estimate the loads at the buses without sensors in a radial distribution system, and the number of sensors reduces up to 39,29% from the total installed PMU's if they are installed at all buses.