Suitability of Phytoremediation Processes for Indoor Air and Practical Applications

Background: It is more challenging than designing buildings, people have difficulty improving indoor air quality (IAQ) affordably in existing buildings with limited area. This paper presents indoor phytoremediation solutions-based quotations, which are affordable to the public, besides being able to work to remediate air simultaneously. Methods: Literature sources are primarily Mendeley reference managers and expanded from open-access reputable journals worldwide. The indoor phytoremediation solution was obtained from an up-to-date literature review covering processes of all plants and related sections. Results: The study identified three categories of indoor phytoremediation: plant-related bioremediation, rhizosphere bioremediation, and plant processes. To improve indoor air quality, plant-related bioremediation is a suitable process to be escalated while still paying attention to ameliorating the plant processes and inhibiting bioaerosols. For practical applications, narrow-leaved plant species can enhance phylloremediation, growth media amendments to enhance rhizosphere bioremediation, and support separating biodegradable waste. Placing one decorative plant anywhere indefinitely improves the IAQ for buildings with a limited area because plants are essential biota of a living ecosystem.