Surface Deformation Detection due to Mud Volcanoes Manifestation in East Java Basin Area using Permanent Scatterer InSAR

The manifestation of mud volcano changes the Earth's surface and can affect the objects above it. This research presents Permanent Scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) results for the analysis pattern and deformation value of the land surface due to the manifestation of mud volcanoes. This research was carried out in the mud volcanoes manifestation in East Java Province (at East Java Basin's coverage). Time-series data processing uses the SAR Image on Sentinel 1A. The PS-InSAR technique produces PSC to get deformation value based on coherence with a ± 4.5 km radius from the manifestation of mud volcanoes. The result showed that from 2015 to 2019, Lumpur Sidoarjo has a velocity rate with an average of -5.46 mm/yr, Mud Volcano in Gununganyar has a velocity rate with an average of +1.71 and -7.08 mm/yr, Mud Volcano in Kalanganyar has a velocity rate of +0.99 mm/yr, Mud Volcano in Wringinanom has a velocity rate with an average of +3.36 mm/yr, and Bujhel Tasek Mud Volcano has velocity rate with an average of +2.88 mm/yr. The surface deformation's values and patterns on each mud volcano vary according to the morphology, geological conditions, and environmental condition around it.