The effect of land cover change on surface temperature based on satellite image in thirty cities of Indonesia

Urban density in Indonesia are getting increasing. These conditions have an impact on the function alternative land use that makes land cover change. Urban development triggers increased pollution and heat production. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of land cover change on surface temperature and determine surface temperature based on elevation (plateau and lowland areas). Study area is thirty provincial capitals in Indonesia. Data processing based on satellite imagery covers Terra MODIS and Google Earth data from 2007 till 2016. Generally, land cover (vegetation) of cities in Indonesia had decreased by an average of 1.4% per year. In contrast, surface temperatures are increasing. Accuration regression equation show that the change in green land cover affects urban surface temperature by 33% of total variation variables. Urban in the lowlands and plateau (high-elevated land), vegetation is also inversely proportional to temperature. Based on the regression, vegetation giving almost the same effect to the city with different elevation.