The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation

Randi Purnama Putra; Wawan Aries Widodo; Dani Harmanto

doi:10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation

Randi Purnama Putra^*
, Sutardi
, Wawan Aries Widodo
, Dani Harmanto

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Mechanical Engineering
State University of Padang
De Montfort University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

The square duct is the most used type of duct in the industry. In square duct, 90° elbows are also usually paired. The use of 90° elbows serves to deflect the direction of airflow. The use of the elbow at 90° causes losses regarding energy use. A 90° elbow exhibits a higher-pressure drop-in comparison to a straight channel. The objective of this research is to determine the efficacy of using a circular turbulator inside a square elbow at a 90° angle while considering different Reynolds number changes. In this investigation, a CT was positioned on the inner elbow’s side at an angle (α) of 15°. The research was carried out by numerical methods. The turbulence model used is standard k-ɛ. The test model consists of a square-shaped duct and 90° elbows with a curvature ratio of R/D_h = 3. The Reynolds number used is 1.6x10⁴, 4.8x10⁴, and 9.5x10⁴. The results of this study indicate that placing a circular turbulator in a 90° elbow is most effective in reducing the overall pressure drop at Re_Dh of 1.6x10⁴ and 4.8x10⁴. The opposite is true when using a circular turbulator at Re_Dh of 9.5x10⁴.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023
Editors	Suwarno Suwarno, Triyogi Yuwono, Mohan Kolhe, Muhammad Aziz
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	275-284
Number of pages	10
ISBN (Print)	9789819781966
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023 - Bali, Indonesia Duration: 30 Aug 2023 → 31 Aug 2023

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
Volume	1279
ISSN (Print)	1876-1100
ISSN (Electronic)	1876-1119

Conference

Conference	6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023
Country/Territory	Indonesia
City	Bali
Period	30/08/23 → 31/08/23

Keywords

Circular turbulator
Reynolds number variation
Square elbow

Access to Document

10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

Cite this

Putra, R. P., Sutardi , Widodo, W. A., & Harmanto, D. (2025). The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation. In S. Suwarno, T. Yuwono, M. Kolhe, & M. Aziz (Eds.), Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023 (pp. 275-284). (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; Vol. 1279). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

Putra, Randi Purnama ; Sutardi, ; Widodo, Wawan Aries et al. / The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation. Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. editor / Suwarno Suwarno ; Triyogi Yuwono ; Mohan Kolhe ; Muhammad Aziz. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. pp. 275-284 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering).

@inproceedings{ba8e6219b5304980961f2eed6280bc1b,

title = "The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation",

abstract = "The square duct is the most used type of duct in the industry. In square duct, 90° elbows are also usually paired. The use of 90° elbows serves to deflect the direction of airflow. The use of the elbow at 90° causes losses regarding energy use. A 90° elbow exhibits a higher-pressure drop-in comparison to a straight channel. The objective of this research is to determine the efficacy of using a circular turbulator inside a square elbow at a 90° angle while considering different Reynolds number changes. In this investigation, a CT was positioned on the inner elbow{\textquoteright}s side at an angle (α) of 15°. The research was carried out by numerical methods. The turbulence model used is standard k-ɛ. The test model consists of a square-shaped duct and 90° elbows with a curvature ratio of R/Dh = 3. The Reynolds number used is 1.6x104, 4.8x104, and 9.5x104. The results of this study indicate that placing a circular turbulator in a 90° elbow is most effective in reducing the overall pressure drop at ReDh of 1.6x104 and 4.8x104. The opposite is true when using a circular turbulator at ReDh of 9.5x104.",

keywords = "Circular turbulator, Reynolds number variation, Square elbow",

author = "Putra, \{Randi Purnama\} and Sutardi and Widodo, \{Wawan Aries\} and Dani Harmanto",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.; 6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023 ; Conference date: 30-08-2023 Through 31-08-2023",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3\_27",

language = "English",

isbn = "9789819781966",

series = "Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering",

publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",

pages = "275--284",

editor = "Suwarno Suwarno and Triyogi Yuwono and Mohan Kolhe and Muhammad Aziz",

booktitle = "Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023",

address = "Germany",

}

Putra, RP, Sutardi, , Widodo, WA & Harmanto, D 2025, The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation. in S Suwarno, T Yuwono, M Kolhe & M Aziz (eds), Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 1279, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 275-284, 6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023, Bali, Indonesia, 30/08/23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation. / Putra, Randi Purnama; Sutardi, ; Widodo, Wawan Aries et al.
Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. ed. / Suwarno Suwarno; Triyogi Yuwono; Mohan Kolhe; Muhammad Aziz. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. p. 275-284 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; Vol. 1279).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation

AU - Putra, Randi Purnama

AU - Sutardi,

AU - Widodo, Wawan Aries

AU - Harmanto, Dani

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - The square duct is the most used type of duct in the industry. In square duct, 90° elbows are also usually paired. The use of 90° elbows serves to deflect the direction of airflow. The use of the elbow at 90° causes losses regarding energy use. A 90° elbow exhibits a higher-pressure drop-in comparison to a straight channel. The objective of this research is to determine the efficacy of using a circular turbulator inside a square elbow at a 90° angle while considering different Reynolds number changes. In this investigation, a CT was positioned on the inner elbow’s side at an angle (α) of 15°. The research was carried out by numerical methods. The turbulence model used is standard k-ɛ. The test model consists of a square-shaped duct and 90° elbows with a curvature ratio of R/Dh = 3. The Reynolds number used is 1.6x104, 4.8x104, and 9.5x104. The results of this study indicate that placing a circular turbulator in a 90° elbow is most effective in reducing the overall pressure drop at ReDh of 1.6x104 and 4.8x104. The opposite is true when using a circular turbulator at ReDh of 9.5x104.

AB - The square duct is the most used type of duct in the industry. In square duct, 90° elbows are also usually paired. The use of 90° elbows serves to deflect the direction of airflow. The use of the elbow at 90° causes losses regarding energy use. A 90° elbow exhibits a higher-pressure drop-in comparison to a straight channel. The objective of this research is to determine the efficacy of using a circular turbulator inside a square elbow at a 90° angle while considering different Reynolds number changes. In this investigation, a CT was positioned on the inner elbow’s side at an angle (α) of 15°. The research was carried out by numerical methods. The turbulence model used is standard k-ɛ. The test model consists of a square-shaped duct and 90° elbows with a curvature ratio of R/Dh = 3. The Reynolds number used is 1.6x104, 4.8x104, and 9.5x104. The results of this study indicate that placing a circular turbulator in a 90° elbow is most effective in reducing the overall pressure drop at ReDh of 1.6x104 and 4.8x104. The opposite is true when using a circular turbulator at ReDh of 9.5x104.

KW - Circular turbulator

KW - Reynolds number variation

KW - Square elbow

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105007498422

U2 - 10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

DO - 10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105007498422

SN - 9789819781966

T3 - Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

SP - 275

EP - 284

BT - Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023

A2 - Suwarno, Suwarno

A2 - Yuwono, Triyogi

A2 - Kolhe, Mohan

A2 - Aziz, Muhammad

PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

T2 - 6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023

Y2 - 30 August 2023 through 31 August 2023

ER -

Putra RP, Sutardi , Widodo WA, Harmanto D. The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation. In Suwarno S, Yuwono T, Kolhe M, Aziz M, editors, Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2025. p. 275-284. (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering). doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_27

The Effectiveness of Using Circular Turbulator in Square Elbow 90° with Reynolds Number Variation

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this