The Use of Sentinel-1 Imagery for Degraded Peatland Analysis in South Kalimantan Area with SSM Algorithm and Wosten Model

Indonesia has about 12% of its total land area, or about 14.9 million hectares, classified as peatland. Much of this land is distributed on the island of Kalimantan, around 6.5 million hectares, on the island of Sumatra around 7.1 million hectares, and the rest is in the Papua region. Peatlands have a vital role as a source of food and habitat for various types of living things. Ecologically, these lands function as global climate change control and flood control. However, anthropogenic human activities such as drainage, deforestation, land burning, and land conversion for agriculture have caused peatlands to be degraded. This has caused peatlands to become dry, oxidized, susceptible to fire, and prone to subsidence. As a result of creating degraded peatlands, terrestrial carbon trapped in peatlands will be released into the atmosphere, resulting in a greenhouse effect that contributes to global warming. In this research, Sentinel-1 SAR imagery data can identify degraded peatlands using the Surface Soil Moisture (SSM) algorithm and the Wosten Model Method. The SSM algorithm identified 217.55 hectares of degraded peatland in Bumi Makmur Subdistrict with an accuracy of 0.647. Meanwhile, the Wosten Model identified 254.88 hectares of degraded peatland in Bumi Makmur Subdistrict with an accuracy of 0.941.