Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums

Alexander B.T.S. Nyoto; Katherin Indriawati; Irkham Junaidi; Moh Bachrudin

doi:10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums

Alexander B.T.S. Nyoto
, Katherin Indriawati
, Irkham Junaidi
, Moh Bachrudin

Laboratory of Embedded and Cyber-Physical System

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Dept. of Control and Instrumentation

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

In steam power generation systems, operational stability and safety are highly dependent on water level control in the steam drum. However, the complexity of system dynamics and potential actuator disturbances make this control a very interesting topic for discussion. This study proposes Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) based on Extended State Observer (ESO) that is capable of detecting and compensating for actuator disturbances in real time. A nonlinear dynamic model of the steam drum is derived based on the principles of mass and energy balance, then linearized to construct a state-space system. Two actuator disturbance scenarios-step signal addition and ramp signal addition-are analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of FTC. Simulation results show that the FTC system can maintain water level control performance to reach the setpoint despite disturbances. The ESO also successfully estimates disturbance values accurately, making this approach suitable for industrial control systems requiring resistance to actuator disturbances.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems
Subtitle of host publication	Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	387-392
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331591915
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS 2025 - Bali, Indonesia Duration: 9 Oct 2025 → 10 Oct 2025

Publication series

Name	Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS
ISSN (Print)	2831-3992
ISSN (Electronic)	2831-400X

Conference

Conference	2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS 2025
Country/Territory	Indonesia
City	Bali
Period	9/10/25 → 10/10/25

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Extended State Observer
Fault Tolerant Control
Steam drum
actuator disturbance
nonlinear control

Access to Document

10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

Cite this

Nyoto, A. B. T. S., Indriawati, K., Junaidi, I., & Bachrudin, M. (2025). Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums. In ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding (pp. 387-392). (Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

Nyoto, Alexander B.T.S. ; Indriawati, Katherin ; Junaidi, Irkham et al. / Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums. ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. pp. 387-392 (Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS).

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title = "Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums",

abstract = "In steam power generation systems, operational stability and safety are highly dependent on water level control in the steam drum. However, the complexity of system dynamics and potential actuator disturbances make this control a very interesting topic for discussion. This study proposes Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) based on Extended State Observer (ESO) that is capable of detecting and compensating for actuator disturbances in real time. A nonlinear dynamic model of the steam drum is derived based on the principles of mass and energy balance, then linearized to construct a state-space system. Two actuator disturbance scenarios-step signal addition and ramp signal addition-are analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of FTC. Simulation results show that the FTC system can maintain water level control performance to reach the setpoint despite disturbances. The ESO also successfully estimates disturbance values accurately, making this approach suitable for industrial control systems requiring resistance to actuator disturbances.",

keywords = "Extended State Observer, Fault Tolerant Control, Steam drum, actuator disturbance, nonlinear control",

author = "Nyoto, \{Alexander B.T.S.\} and Katherin Indriawati and Irkham Junaidi and Moh Bachrudin",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS 2025 ; Conference date: 09-10-2025 Through 10-10-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS",

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}

Nyoto, ABTS, Indriawati, K, Junaidi, I & Bachrudin, M 2025, Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums. in ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding. Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 387-392, 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS 2025, Bali, Indonesia, 9/10/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums. / Nyoto, Alexander B.T.S.; Indriawati, Katherin; Junaidi, Irkham et al.
ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. p. 387-392 (Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums

AU - Nyoto, Alexander B.T.S.

AU - Indriawati, Katherin

AU - Junaidi, Irkham

AU - Bachrudin, Moh

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - In steam power generation systems, operational stability and safety are highly dependent on water level control in the steam drum. However, the complexity of system dynamics and potential actuator disturbances make this control a very interesting topic for discussion. This study proposes Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) based on Extended State Observer (ESO) that is capable of detecting and compensating for actuator disturbances in real time. A nonlinear dynamic model of the steam drum is derived based on the principles of mass and energy balance, then linearized to construct a state-space system. Two actuator disturbance scenarios-step signal addition and ramp signal addition-are analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of FTC. Simulation results show that the FTC system can maintain water level control performance to reach the setpoint despite disturbances. The ESO also successfully estimates disturbance values accurately, making this approach suitable for industrial control systems requiring resistance to actuator disturbances.

AB - In steam power generation systems, operational stability and safety are highly dependent on water level control in the steam drum. However, the complexity of system dynamics and potential actuator disturbances make this control a very interesting topic for discussion. This study proposes Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) based on Extended State Observer (ESO) that is capable of detecting and compensating for actuator disturbances in real time. A nonlinear dynamic model of the steam drum is derived based on the principles of mass and energy balance, then linearized to construct a state-space system. Two actuator disturbance scenarios-step signal addition and ramp signal addition-are analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of FTC. Simulation results show that the FTC system can maintain water level control performance to reach the setpoint despite disturbances. The ESO also successfully estimates disturbance values accurately, making this approach suitable for industrial control systems requiring resistance to actuator disturbances.

KW - Extended State Observer

KW - Fault Tolerant Control

KW - Steam drum

KW - actuator disturbance

KW - nonlinear control

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105031701596

U2 - 10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

DO - 10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105031701596

T3 - Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS

SP - 387

EP - 392

BT - ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS 2025

Y2 - 9 October 2025 through 10 October 2025

ER -

Nyoto ABTS, Indriawati K, Junaidi I, Bachrudin M. Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums. In ICSGTEIS 2025 - 2025 International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Energy toward a Net-Zero-World, Conference Proceeding. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. p. 387-392. (Proceedings - International Conference on Smart-Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems, ICSGTEIS). doi: 10.1109/ICSGTEIS68532.2025.11284450

Three-Element Level Control with Integrated Fault Tolerance in Power Plant Steam Drums

Abstract

Publication series

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UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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