Unrevealing tunable resonant excitons and correlated plasmons and their coupling in new amorphous carbon-like for highly efficient photovoltaic devices

An understanding on roles of excitons and plasmons is important in excitonic solar cells and photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Here, we produce new amorphous carbon (a-C) like films on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) generating PV cells with efficiency three order of magnitude higher than the existing biomass-derived a-C. The amorphous carbon films are prepared from the bioproduct of palmyra sap with a simple, environmentally friendly, and highly reproducible method. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, we measure simultaneously complex dielectric function, loss function as well as reflectivity and reveal coexistence of many-body resonant excitons and correlated-plasmons occurring due to strong electronic correlations. X-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopies show the nature of electron and hole in defining the energy of the excitons and plasmons as a function of N or B doping. Our result shows new a-C like films and the importance of the coupling of resonant excitons and correlated plasmons in determining efficiency of photovoltaic devices.