Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants

Muhammad Kamal Wisyaldin; Atok Setiyawan; Henry Pariaman

doi:10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34

Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants

Muhammad Kamal Wisyaldin^*
, Atok Setiyawan
, Henry Pariaman

^*Corresponding author for this work

Laboratory of Thermal Engineering and Energy System

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

The economy's growth affects the energy demand, increasing power plant construction to meet this demand. Hydrothermal Carbonization involves subjecting raw material to high pressure and temperature in water for a specific duration, resulting in uniform, smaller-sized solids from the high-moisture content material. The hydrothermally treated solid products share similar characteristics to solid fuel, ranging between lignite and low sub-bituminous coal. This paper suggests that municipal waste can be converted into solid fuel through hydrothermal carbonization, mixed with coal to meet power plant energy needs. The typical energy balance model simulation of the hydrothermal treatment will also be described with co-firing thermal power plant. This integrated system was thermodynamically analyzed by modelling of co-firing thermal power plant configuration with various moisture content of feed municipal solid waste using the fully flexible heat balance engineering software, THERMOFLEX. Char product was assumed by converting municipal solid waste via hydrothermal carbonization at a temperature of 210 °C and a pressure of 2 MPa for 30 min. Consequently, this study could aid in solving municipal solid waste issues and reducing coal consumption in power plants.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023
Editors	Suwarno Suwarno, Triyogi Yuwono, Mohan Kolhe, Muhammad Aziz
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages	349-362
Number of pages	14
ISBN (Print)	9789819781966
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023 - Bali, Indonesia Duration: 30 Aug 2023 → 31 Aug 2023

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
Volume	1279
ISSN (Print)	1876-1100
ISSN (Electronic)	1876-1119

Conference

Conference	6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023
Country/Territory	Indonesia
City	Bali
Period	30/08/23 → 31/08/23

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production

Keywords

Biomass fuel
Hydrothermal carbonization
Municipal solid waste
Power generation
Thermochemical

Access to Document

10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34

Cite this

Wisyaldin, M. K., Setiyawan, A., & Pariaman, H. (2025). Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants. In S. Suwarno, T. Yuwono, M. Kolhe, & M. Aziz (Eds.), Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023 (pp. 349-362). (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; Vol. 1279). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34

Wisyaldin, Muhammad Kamal ; Setiyawan, Atok ; Pariaman, Henry. / Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants. Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. editor / Suwarno Suwarno ; Triyogi Yuwono ; Mohan Kolhe ; Muhammad Aziz. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. pp. 349-362 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering).

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title = "Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants",

abstract = "The economy's growth affects the energy demand, increasing power plant construction to meet this demand. Hydrothermal Carbonization involves subjecting raw material to high pressure and temperature in water for a specific duration, resulting in uniform, smaller-sized solids from the high-moisture content material. The hydrothermally treated solid products share similar characteristics to solid fuel, ranging between lignite and low sub-bituminous coal. This paper suggests that municipal waste can be converted into solid fuel through hydrothermal carbonization, mixed with coal to meet power plant energy needs. The typical energy balance model simulation of the hydrothermal treatment will also be described with co-firing thermal power plant. This integrated system was thermodynamically analyzed by modelling of co-firing thermal power plant configuration with various moisture content of feed municipal solid waste using the fully flexible heat balance engineering software, THERMOFLEX. Char product was assumed by converting municipal solid waste via hydrothermal carbonization at a temperature of 210 °C and a pressure of 2 MPa for 30 min. Consequently, this study could aid in solving municipal solid waste issues and reducing coal consumption in power plants.",

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Wisyaldin, MK, Setiyawan, A & Pariaman, H 2025, Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants. in S Suwarno, T Yuwono, M Kolhe & M Aziz (eds), Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 1279, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, pp. 349-362, 6th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICOME 2023, Bali, Indonesia, 30/08/23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34

Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants. / Wisyaldin, Muhammad Kamal; Setiyawan, Atok; Pariaman, Henry.
Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. ed. / Suwarno Suwarno; Triyogi Yuwono; Mohan Kolhe; Muhammad Aziz. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025. p. 349-362 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering; Vol. 1279).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants

AU - Wisyaldin, Muhammad Kamal

AU - Setiyawan, Atok

AU - Pariaman, Henry

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - The economy's growth affects the energy demand, increasing power plant construction to meet this demand. Hydrothermal Carbonization involves subjecting raw material to high pressure and temperature in water for a specific duration, resulting in uniform, smaller-sized solids from the high-moisture content material. The hydrothermally treated solid products share similar characteristics to solid fuel, ranging between lignite and low sub-bituminous coal. This paper suggests that municipal waste can be converted into solid fuel through hydrothermal carbonization, mixed with coal to meet power plant energy needs. The typical energy balance model simulation of the hydrothermal treatment will also be described with co-firing thermal power plant. This integrated system was thermodynamically analyzed by modelling of co-firing thermal power plant configuration with various moisture content of feed municipal solid waste using the fully flexible heat balance engineering software, THERMOFLEX. Char product was assumed by converting municipal solid waste via hydrothermal carbonization at a temperature of 210 °C and a pressure of 2 MPa for 30 min. Consequently, this study could aid in solving municipal solid waste issues and reducing coal consumption in power plants.

AB - The economy's growth affects the energy demand, increasing power plant construction to meet this demand. Hydrothermal Carbonization involves subjecting raw material to high pressure and temperature in water for a specific duration, resulting in uniform, smaller-sized solids from the high-moisture content material. The hydrothermally treated solid products share similar characteristics to solid fuel, ranging between lignite and low sub-bituminous coal. This paper suggests that municipal waste can be converted into solid fuel through hydrothermal carbonization, mixed with coal to meet power plant energy needs. The typical energy balance model simulation of the hydrothermal treatment will also be described with co-firing thermal power plant. This integrated system was thermodynamically analyzed by modelling of co-firing thermal power plant configuration with various moisture content of feed municipal solid waste using the fully flexible heat balance engineering software, THERMOFLEX. Char product was assumed by converting municipal solid waste via hydrothermal carbonization at a temperature of 210 °C and a pressure of 2 MPa for 30 min. Consequently, this study could aid in solving municipal solid waste issues and reducing coal consumption in power plants.

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KW - Thermochemical

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Wisyaldin MK, Setiyawan A, Pariaman H. Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants. In Suwarno S, Yuwono T, Kolhe M, Aziz M, editors, Smart Innovation in Green and Sustainable Energy - Select Proceedings of ICOME 2023. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. 2025. p. 349-362. (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering). doi: 10.1007/978-981-97-8197-3_34

Utilizing the Hydrothermal Carbonization Process to Convert Municipal Solid Waste into Solid Fuels for Biomass Co-Firing in Indonesian Thermal Power Plants

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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