TY - JOUR
T1 - Valorization of Peanut Skin as Agricultural Waste Using Various Extraction Methods
T2 - A Review
AU - Putra, Nicky Rahmana
AU - Rizkiyah, Dwila Nur
AU - Che Yunus, Mohd Azizi
AU - Abdul Aziz, Ahmad Hazim
AU - Md Yasir, Ahmad Shah Hizam
AU - Irianto, Irianto
AU - Jumakir, Jumakir
AU - Waluyo, Waluyo
AU - Suparwoto, Suparwoto
AU - Qomariyah, Lailatul
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/6
Y1 - 2023/6
N2 - Peanuts (Arachis hypogea) can be made into various products, from oil to butter to roasted snack peanuts and candies, all from the kernels. However, the skin is usually thrown away, used as cheap animal feed, or as one of the ingredients in plant fertilizer due to its little value on the market. For the past ten years, studies have been conducted to determine the full extent of the skin’s bioactive substance repertoire and its powerful antioxidant potential. Alternatively, researchers reported that peanut skin could be used and be profitable in a less-intensive extraction technique. Therefore, this review explores the conventional and green extraction of peanut oil, peanut production, peanut physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and the prospects of valorization of peanut skin. The significance of the valorization of peanut skin is that it contains high antioxidant capacity, catechin, epicatechin resveratrol, and procyanidins, which are also advantageous. It could be exploited in sustainable extraction, notably in the pharmaceutical industries.
AB - Peanuts (Arachis hypogea) can be made into various products, from oil to butter to roasted snack peanuts and candies, all from the kernels. However, the skin is usually thrown away, used as cheap animal feed, or as one of the ingredients in plant fertilizer due to its little value on the market. For the past ten years, studies have been conducted to determine the full extent of the skin’s bioactive substance repertoire and its powerful antioxidant potential. Alternatively, researchers reported that peanut skin could be used and be profitable in a less-intensive extraction technique. Therefore, this review explores the conventional and green extraction of peanut oil, peanut production, peanut physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and the prospects of valorization of peanut skin. The significance of the valorization of peanut skin is that it contains high antioxidant capacity, catechin, epicatechin resveratrol, and procyanidins, which are also advantageous. It could be exploited in sustainable extraction, notably in the pharmaceutical industries.
KW - agricultural waste
KW - antioxidant
KW - catechin
KW - green extraction
KW - peanut skin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85161675852&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/molecules28114325
DO - 10.3390/molecules28114325
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85161675852
SN - 1420-3049
VL - 28
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
IS - 11
M1 - 4325
ER -
